IndianTechnoEra: Important High-Level Computer Languages | it2Edu

 Important High-Level Computer Languages

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1. C Language

• It was designed by Dennis Ritchie.
• Developed by Dennis Ritchie and Bell Labs.
• File extension is .c Example” HelloWorld.c”.
• The extension of C++ is from C language.
• C is not an Object-Oriented Language.
• It is used to write System Software, Application Software.
• UNIX was written in C language.

2. JAVA

• Java was developed by James Gosling at Sun Microsystems.
• File extension .java Example (HelloWorld.java).
• After Oracle bought Sun, Oracle became the owner of Java (JVM and JDK).
• Android applications can be developed using Java.
• It is an Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) Language.
• Java is not platform-dependent.

3. SQL

• SQL stands for ”Structured Query Language”.
• Developed by IBM.
• SQL became a standard of (ANSI) American National Standards Institute in 1986.
• Used for database related work.

4. HTML

• HTML stands for “Hypertext Markup Language”.
• Developed by W3C & WHATWG.
• File extension .htm and .html Example (HelloWorld.html or HelloWorld.htm).
• Used to make websites.
• HTML is a scripting language.

5. Visual Basic

• Designed and developed by Microsoft.
• It is a multi-paradigm, object-oriented programming language.
• File extension is .vb Example (hello.vb).
• IDE (Integrated Development Environment) is Visual Studio.

6. FORTRAN

• Stands for “Formula Translation”.
• Designed by John Backus.
• Developed by John Backus and IBM.
• File extensions are .f,  .fo, .f90, .f95, .f03, .f08, .f15.
• Used for engineering calculation, mathematical operations.
• FORTRAN is a general-purpose imperative programming language.

7. ALGOL

• It stands for Algorithm Languages.
• Developed in 1958.
• There were three major specialisations of ALGOL: ALGOL 58, ALGOL 60 and ALGOL 68.
• It was designed especially for Scientific implementations.
• Inspiration for various other High-Level Computer Languages was taken from ALGOL.

8. PYTHON

• It is an interpreted, high-level programming language.
• Released in 1991.
• It supports structured, object-oriented and functional programming.
• It used block coding.
• Get more help by solving mock tests, practise papers and sample papers as they will help the candidate analyse how much more preparation is needed and which part of the syllabus needs to be improved. Refer to the links below to prepare for the other sections of the banking sector exams:

9. OBOL

• Stands for “Common Business Oriented Language”
• Designed by Howard Bromberg, Howard Discount, Vernon Reeves, Jean E. Sammet, William Selden, Gertrude Tierney.
• Developed by CODASYL, ANSI, ISO.
• File extensions are .cbl, .cob, .cpy.
• It is still widely used in legacy applications deployed on mainframe computers.

10. C#

• Pronounced as See sharp.
• Designed and developed by Microsoft.
• File extension .cs.
• Windows mobile application is developed using C#.

11. LISP

• Stands for “List Processing”.
• Designed by McCarthy.
• Developed by Steve Russell, Timothy P. Hart, and Mike Levin.
• Used in AI (Artificial Intelligence).
• It is also suitable for I/O handling and graphics.

12. SNOBOL

• Stands for “String Oriented Symbolic Language”.
• Developed by David J. Farber, Ralph E. Griswold, Ivan P. Polonsky and Bell Labs.
• Designed by David J. Farber, Ralph E. Griswold, and Ivan P.Polonsky.
• It is a text-oriented language.

13. PROLOG

• Stands for “Programming Logic”.
• Designed by Alain Colmerauer.
• File extension .pl, .pro, .P.
• This language is used for “Artificial Language”.
• Capable of handling a large number of databases.

14. BASIC

• Stands for “Beginner’s All-Purpose Symbolic Instruction Code”.
• Designed by John G. Kemeny and Thomas E. Kurtz.
• Used for scientific and engineering operations.

15. C++

• Designed by Bjarne Stroustrup.
• File extensions .cc, .cpp, .cxx, .C, .c++, .h, .hh, .hpp, .hxx, .h++ example (Hello.cpp).
• C++ is an Object-Oriented Programming Language.

Note: C# and Java were influenced by C++.

List of High-Level Computer Languages: - Download PDF Here

Frequently Asked Questions on High-Level Computer Languages

Q 1. Why computer programs are written in high-level programming languages?

Ans. Programs are generally written in high-level computer language because it is easy for the programmer to write the code rather than understanding its programming. HLL is also easier than a machine code to apprehend.

Q 2. Which was the first high-level language developed for computer programming?

Ans. FORTRAN is said to be one of the first high-level languages to have been developed and then widely used for computer programming.

Q 3. Which are the most commonly used programming languages?

Ans. The common programming languages include:

1. C++
2. Java
3. PYTHON
4. BASIC
5. FORTRAN
6. C

Q 4. What is the difference between the high-level language and low-level language?

Ans. A high-level language is more understandable and human-friendly. They are a combination of symbols, mathematical elements, and characters. On the other hand, low-level languages are machine-dependent and difficult to understand.

Q 5. What language can a computer understand?

Ans. The computer understands machine language or the binary language of O and 1.