Introduction:
Welcome to the Fascinating World of Chemistry: Unveiling the Wonders of Matter and Molecules
Congratulations on embarking on your exciting journey into the realm of chemistry! As you delve into your B.Tech first year, you'll soon discover that chemistry is more than just a subject – it's the science that unravels the mysteries of the materials that surround us, from the air we breathe to the water we drink. Get ready to witness the magic that happens at the molecular level!
Let's kick off this blog by taking a sneak peek at what's in store for you in the captivating world of chemistry.
The Chemistry:
Chemistry is the study of matter and its transformations. It investigates the properties, composition, structure, and behavior of substances, offering a window into the fundamental nature of our universe. Whether you're intrigued by the explosive reactions of chemicals or the delicate dance of atoms in a molecule, chemistry has something for everyone.
Key Topics:
Key topics in Chemistry for B.Tech First Year
- Atomic Structure: Dive deep into the microscopic world of atoms, electrons, and protons. Learn how these building blocks come together to form the diverse array of elements in the periodic table.
- Chemical Bonding: Explore the forces that bind atoms together, creating molecules with unique properties. Discover the intricacies of covalent, ionic, and metallic bonds.
- States of Matter: From the gaseous heavens to the solid ground beneath your feet, understand the different states of matter and the transitions between them.
- Thermodynamics: Unravel the principles governing energy changes in chemical systems. Delve into concepts like enthalpy, entropy, and Gibbs free energy.
- Chemical Kinetics: Peek into the speed at which chemical reactions occur. Learn how factors like temperature and concentration influence reaction rates.
- Equilibrium: Explore the dynamic balance in chemical reactions. Understand how reactions can reach a state of equilibrium and the factors that affect this delicate balance.
- Acids and Bases: Delve into the world of pH and acidity. Learn about the behavior of acids and bases and their crucial role in various chemical processes.
Units of Chemistry Subject:
Unit: 1. Atomic & Molecular Str
- Atomic & Molecular Structure (10L)
- Molecular orbitals of diatomic molecules (N2, O2, CO).
- Equations for atomic and molecular orbitals.
- Energy level diagrams of diatomic.
- Pi-molecular orbitals of butadiene and benzene and aromaticity.
- Crystal field theory and the energy level diagrams of [Co(NH3)6], [Ni(CO)4], [PtCl2(NH3)2] and magnetic properties of metal complexes.
- Band structure of solids and the role of doping on band structures.
Unit: 2. Spectroscopic Techniques & Applications
- Spectroscopic Techniques and Applications
- Principles of spectroscopy and selection rules.
- Electronic spectroscopy (Basic Concept).
- Fluorescence and its applications in medicine.
- Vibrational and rotational spectroscopy of diatomic molecules and applications.
- Basic concepts of Nuclear magnetic resonance and magnetic resonance imaging.
- Diffraction and scattering.
Unit: 3. Chemical Equilibrium & Periodic Properties
- Chemical Equilibrium
- Use of free energy in chemical equilibrium (4 lectures)
- Thermodynamic functions: energy, entropy and free energy.
- Estimations of entropy and free energies.
- Free energy and emf. Cell potentials, the Nerenst equation and applications.
- Periodic properties (4 Lectures)
- Effective nuclear charge,
- Penetration of orbitals,
- Variations of s, p, d and f orbital energies of atoms in the periodic table,
- Electronic configurations,
- Atomic and ionic sizes,
- Ionization energies,
- Electron affinity & electronegativity,
- Polarizability,
- Oxidation states,
- Coordination numbers & geometries,
- Hard soft acids and bases,
- Molecular geometries [H2O, NH3, PCl5, SF6, CCl4, Pt(NH3)Cl2]
Unit: 4. Stereochemistry & Organic Reactions
- Stereochemistry (6 lectures)
- Representations of 3-dimensional structures,
- Structural isomers and stereoisomers,
- Configurations and symmetry and chirality,
- Enantiomers, diastereomers, optical activity,
- Absolute configurations and conformational analysis.
- Organic reactions and synthesis of a drug molecule (4 lectures)
- Introduction to reactions involving substitution, addition, elimination, oxidation, reduction, cyclization and ring openings.
- Synthesis of a commonly used drug molecule (Paracetamol and Aspirin)
Experiments:
- To Determine the surface tension of the given liquid.
- To Determine the relative viscosity of a given liquid by using Ostwald’s Viscometer.
- To identify the number of components, present in a given organic mixture by thin layer chromatography.
- To determine the alkalinity of a given water sample.
- Determination of the strength of a given HCl solution by titrating it with standard NaOH solution using.
- Synthesis of a drug (paracetamol/Aspirin).
- Determination of chloride content of a given water sample.
- To determine the calcium & magnesium or temporary & permanent hardness of a given water sample by EDTA method. To determine the total iron content present in a given iron ore solution by redox titration.
- Determination of the partition coefficient of a substance between two immiscible liquids.
- To find out the content of sodium, potassium in a given salt solution by Flame Photometer.
- To find out the λmax and concentration of unknown solution by a spectrophotometer
- To find out the flash point and fire point of the given oil sample by Pensky Martin apparatus
- To determine the amount of dissolved oxygen present in a given water sample.
- To find out the pour point and cloud point of lubricating oil.
- Determination of the strength of a given HCl solution by titrating it with standard NaOH solution using a pH meter.
- Using Redwood Viscometer find out the viscosity of an oil sample. mine the surface tension of the given liquid.
also
- To Determine Dissolve Oxygen (DO) in a Given Sample Of Water
- To Determine The Viscosity Of A Given Lubricant By Redwood
- Determination Of Strength Of Given HCl Sol-N By Titrating It Against NaOH Sol-N Conducti metrically
- To Determine Alkalinity Of A Given Water Sample
- Determination Of Temporary And Permanent Hardness Of Water By EDTA Titration
Tutorials:
Download Written Lecture Notes:
- Unit: 1. Atomic Structure & Molecular Structure
- Unit: 2. Spectroscopic Techniques & Applications
- Unit: 3. Chemical Equilibrium & Periodic Properties
- Unit: 4.1 Stereochemistry
- Unit: 4.2 Organic Reactions
Download the Book
Conceptual Engineering Chemistry" (By- S. K. Bhasin) Download Now
Suggested Textbooks
- University Chemistry, by B. H. Mahan
- Chemistry: Principles and Applications, by M. J. Sienko and R. A. plane
- Fundamentals of Molecular Spectroscopy, by C. N. Banwell
- Engineering Chemistry (NPTEL Web-book), by B. L. Tembe, Kamaluddin and M. S.Krishnan
- Physical Chemistry, by P. W. Atkins
- Organic Chemistry: Structure and Function by K. P. C. Volhardt and N. E. Schore, 5th Edition http://bcs.whfreeman.com/vollhardtschore5e/default.asp
Key: Engineering Chemistry, Engg, engg, eng chem, engineering chemistry first year, fisrt year chemistry