Introduction | Java | IndianTechnoEra

What is Java

The Java programming language is a high-level, object-oriented and general-purpose computer programming language.

Java technology is both a programming language and a platform.

Java - As a Programming Language

The Java programming language is a high-level, object-oriented and general-purpose computer programming language.
Java is similar to C++, but simplified to eliminate language features that cause common programming errors.
You can use Java to write computer applications that play games, store data or do any of the thousands of other things computer software can do.
It is intended to let application developers "write once, run anywhere" (WORA), meaning that compiled Java code can run on all platforms that support Java without the need for recompilation.

Java - As a Computing Platform

A platform is the hardware or software environment in which a program runs. Some of the most popular platforms are Microsoft Windows, Linux, Solaris OS, and Mac OS.
Since Java has its own runtime environment (JRE) and API, it is called a platform.
There are lots of applications and websites that will not work unless you have Java installed, and more are created every day.
From laptops to datacenters, game consoles to scientific supercomputers, cell phones to the Internet, Java is everywhere!

Where is Java used?

Around 3 billion devices run java. There are many devices where java is currently used. Some of them are as follows:

Desktop Applications such as acrobat reader, media player, antivirus etc.
Web Applications such as irctc.co.in, javatpoint.com etc.
Enterprise Applications such as banking applications.
Mobile
Embedded System
Smart Card
Robotics
Games etc.

History of Java

Java was developed by Sun Microsystems in the early-to-mid 1990s, and development continues to this day, of course. Here are some of the more important milestones in the early history of the language:
1990: A team headed by James Gosling is set up to work on a programming language for consumer electronic devices. The goals were to develop a small langauage, that would easily adapt to new chips, and be very reliable. The language was originally known as Oak, but that name was already used, so it had to be changed.
1992: The team creates a project called Star 7 (*7), and develops a personal, hand-held remote control. The development team is incorporated as FirstPerson, Inc., but loses a bid to develop a TV set-top box for Time-Warner.
1994: The team notices the popularity of the web, which came along in 1993, and builds first web-enabled browser, WebRunner. Sun executives are impressed.
May 23, 1995: At Sun World in San Francisco Sun Microsystems, Inc., formally announces Java 1.0, and Netscape also announces it will license Java for its browser.
1995—present: The rest of the world notices, programmers go bananas, and the rest, as they say, is history ...

Features of Java

There is given many features of java. They are also known as java buzzwords.

Features of Java Programming Language are:

Simple
Secure
Portable
Object-oriented
Robust
Multithreaded
Architecture-neutral
Interpreted
High performance
Distributed
Dynamic

Simple:

Java is Easy to write and more readable and eye-catching.
Java has a concise, cohesive set of features that makes it easy to learn and use.
Most of the concepts are drew from C++ thus making Java learning simpler.

Secure:

Java program cannot harm other system thus making it secure.
Java provides a secure means of creating Internet applications.
Java provides a secure way to access web applications.

Portable:

Java programs can execute in any environment for which there is a Java run-time system.(JVM)
Java programs can be run on any platform (Linux, Window,Mac)
Java programs can be transferred over the world wide web (e.g applets)

Object-oriented:

Java programming is an object-oriented programming language.
Like C++ java provides most of the object-oriented features.
Java is pure OOP. Language. (while C++ is semi object-oriented)

Robust:

Java encourages error-free programming by being strictly typed and performing run-time checks.

Multithreaded:

Java provides integrated support for multithreaded programming.

Architecture-neutral:

Java is not tied to a specific machine or operating system architecture.
Machine Independent i.e Java is independent of hardware .

Interpreted:

Java supports cross-platform code through the use of Java bytecode.
Bytecode can be interpreted on any platform by JVM.

High performance:

Bytecodes are highly optimized.
JVM can executed them much faster .

Distributed:

Java was designed with a distributed environment.
Java can be transmit, run over internet.

Dynamic:

Java programs carry with them substantial amounts of run-time type information that is used to verify and resolve accesses to objects at run time.

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