BELE-529 - Measurements and Instrumentation
Course Objectives:
To understand the concept and significance of measurement, characteristics, and different types of errors.
To explain how different types of meters work and their construction.
To instruct students on balancing bridges for measuring unknown values and the applications of bridges.
To introduce students to the knowledge required for using modern tools in projects.
To understand the operation and applications of different types of digital measuring instruments.
To grasp the concept of transducers and their various applications in different measurements.
UNIT-1: MEASUREMENTS AND ERRORS
Significance of Measurements and block diagram of Measurement System
Static characteristics: Accuracy, Precision, Sensitivity, Linearity, Repeatability, Reproducibility, Resolution, Threshold, Drift, Stability, Dead zone, hysteresis
Dynamic Characteristics: Speed of response, measuring lag, fidelity
Errors in measurement: Gross error, systematic errors, Random errors
Methods of Measurement
Classification of instruments
Characteristics of instruments
UNIT-2: MEASUREMENT OF RESISTANCE AND A.C. BRIDGES
Wheatstone bridge
Carey-Foster bridge
Kelvin's Double bridge
Maxwell's inductance bridge
Maxwell's inductance capacitance bridge
Hay's bridge
Schering's bridge
Wien's bridge
INDICATORS & DISPLAY DEVICES:
Permanent magnetic moving coil instrument
Electrodynamometer
Moving Iron Type Instrument
Segmental Display using LEDs
Liquid Crystal Display
CRO (Cathode Ray Oscilloscope)
UNIT-3: MEASURING INSTRUMENTS
Q-Meter
MEGGER
Wave Analyzer
Spectrum Analyzer
Distortion Meter
Wattmeter
Energy Meter
Potentiometers
Current Transformer and Potential Transformer
DIGITAL INSTRUMENTS:
Digital multimeter
Digital Frequency Meter
Digital measurement of time
Digital Tachometer
Recorders: Graphic, Strip Chart, Magnetic, Digital Tape Recorder
Digital Voltmeter
UNIT-4: TRANSDUCERS & APPLICATION
Transducers
Classification of Transducers
Strain Gauge
Displacement Transducers
Capacitive Transducers
LVDT (Linear Variable Differential Transformer)
Piezo-electric Transducers
Temperature Transducers
Resistance thermometer
TELEMETRY:
Introduction
Method of data transmission
Types of Telemetry systems and applications
Course Outcomes:
Upon completion of the course, students should be able to:
Measure and balance bridges to find unknown values of resistance, inductance, and capacitance (R, L, C).
Measure Voltage, Current, Power factor, Power, and Energy.
Measure strain, displacement, Velocity, Angular Velocity, vacuum, temperature, pressure, and flow.
Understand the concept of telemetry types, methods, and its applications.
Instructions for Paper Setter:
The question paper is divided into four sections: A, B, C & D. Section A comprises of 12 questions, each worth one mark. Three questions come from each unit. Section B comprises four questions worth 2 marks each, one from each unit. Section C comprises four questions worth 4 marks each, one from each unit. Section D comprises four questions worth 6 marks each, one from each unit. Internal choice may be provided in sections B, C, and D if needed.
Text/Reference Books:
Cooper W.D & Helfrick A.D, "Modern Electronics Instrumentation and Measurement Techniques," Prentice Hall India, 4th edition, 2003.
Sawhney A.K., "A course in Electrical and Electronics measurements and Instrumentation," 19th Edition, Dhanpat Rai & Sons.
Kalsi. H.S, "Electronic instrumentation," Tata MC Graw Hill publishing company limited, New Delhi.