Introduction:
Welcome to Day 5 of the 30 Days of Code challenge! In today's challenge, we will delve into the application of loops to perform mathematical operations. Loops are fundamental in programming, providing a convenient way to execute a set of instructions repeatedly. Let's explore how loops can be used to print multiples of an integer.
The Challenge:
Given an integer, n, our task is to print its first 10 multiples. Each multiple i (where 1 <= i <= 10) should be printed on a new line in the form: n x i = result.
Format & Sample:
To illustrate, let's consider an example with n = 3:
3 x 1 = 3
3 x 2 = 6
3 x 3 = 9
3 x 4 = 12
3 x 5 = 15
3 x 6 = 18
3 x 7 = 21
3 x 8 = 24
3 x 9 = 27
3 x 10 = 30
Input Format:
A single integer, n.
Output Format:
Print 10 lines of output; each line i (where 1 <= i <= 10) contains the result of n x i.
Sample Input:
2
Sample Output:
2 x 1 = 2
2 x 2 = 4
2 x 3 = 6
2 x 4 = 8
2 x 5 = 10
2 x 6 = 12
2 x 7 = 14
2 x 8 = 16
2 x 9 = 18
2 x 10 = 20
Explanation:
For the input 2, we print its multiples up to 10, following the specified format.
Code Breakdown:
Reading Input:
string n_temp;
getline(cin, n_temp);
int n = stoi(ltrim(rtrim(n_temp)));
This code reads the input integer n from the user.
Printing Output:
for (int i = 1; i <= 10; i++) {
cout << n << " x " << i << " = " << i * n << endl;
}
Here, we use a loop to iterate from 1 to 10 and print each multiple of n along with the result.
Final Code:
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
string ltrim(const string &);
string rtrim(const string &);
int main() {
string n_temp;
getline(cin, n_temp);
int n = stoi(ltrim(rtrim(n_temp)));
for (int i = 1; i <= 10; i++) {
cout << n << " x " << i << " = " << i * n << endl;
}
return 0;
}
string ltrim(const string &str) {
string s(str);
s.erase(
s.begin(),
find_if(s.begin(), s.end(), not1(ptr_fun<int, int>(isspace)))
);
return s;
}
string rtrim(const string &str) {
string s(str);
s.erase(
find_if(s.rbegin(), s.rend(), not1(ptr_fun<int, int>(isspace))).base(),
s.end()
);
return s;
}
Stay tuned for more exciting challenges as we progress through the 30 Days of Code!